joinmet Journal of Marine and Engineering Technology 2791-7134 Sakarya University of Applied Sciences 10.58771/joinmet.1694060 Maritime Transportation Engineering Ship Management Deniz Ulaştırma Mühendisliği Gemi Yönetimi Kılavuz Kaptan Transfer Operasyonları Sırasındaki Risklere Yönelik Önleyici Stratejiler: Uzman Tabanlı Risk Kriterleriyle Bulanık Analitik Bir Yaklaşım Preventive Strategies for Risks During Pilot Transfer Operations: A Fuzzy Analytical Approach with Expert-Driven Risk Criteria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5492-639X Doğru Mehmet KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5112-8133 Bucak Umur KOCAELI UNIVERSITY 06 25 2025 5 1 50 60 05 07 2025 06 02 2025 Copyright © 2021, Journal of Marine and Engineering Technology 2021 Journal of Marine and Engineering Technology

Bu çalışmada, kılavuz kaptan transfer operasyonlarında karşılaşılan risklerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Alanında uzman 19 denizcilik profesyonelinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen değerlendirmeler sonucunda dört kritik tehlike öne çıkmıştır: kılavuz kaptanın çarmıhtan düşmesi (Cr1, 0.20077), kılavuz botunun çarmıha dolanarak yerinden kaydırması (Cr12, 0.17512), gemi ile bot arasında sıkışma (Cr11, 0.14466) ve çarmıha uzuv sıkışması (Cr7, 0.11002). Bu dört unsur, toplam risk ağırlığının %60’ından fazlasını oluşturarak, transfer operasyonlarındaki mekanik ve insan kaynaklı tehlikelerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Bulanık AHS yaklaşımı, uzman yargılarındaki belirsizlikleri etkin biçimde ele alarak risklerin nicel olarak analiz edilmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, emniyeti artırmaya yönelik hedefe yönelik önlemlerin gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda; düşmelere karşı akıllı çarmıh sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi, bot personeline yönelik ileri düzey manevra eğitimi verilmesi, standart mesafe protokollerinin uygulanması ve ergonomik çarmıh tasarımlarının benimsenmesi önerilmektedir. Bu çalışma, kılavuz kaptan transfer emniyetini artırmaya yönelik müdahalelerin önceliklendirilmesinde kullanılabilecek veri temelli bir çerçeve sunmakta olup, denizcilik sektöründeki uygulayıcılar ve düzenleyici kurumlar için pratik çıkarımlar sağlamaktadır.

This study employed fuzzy AHP methodology to assess risks in pilot transfer operations, identifying four critical hazards through expert evaluations with 19 maritime professionals. The highest risks include: pilot falls from ladder (Cr1, 0.20077), pilot boat entanglement displacing ladder (Cr12, 0.17512), compression between ship and boat (Cr11, 0.14466), and limb entrapment in ladder (Cr7, 0.11002). These factors collectively represent over 60% of total risk weight, highlighting mechanical and human-factor dangers in transfer operations. The fuzzy AHP approach effectively quantifies expert judgments, addressing uncertainties in risk assessment. Findings emphasize the need for targeted safety measures: smart ladder systems with fall prevention, enhanced boat handling training, standardized distance protocols, and ergonomic ladder designs. This research provides a data-driven framework for prioritizing interventions to improve pilot transfer safety, offering practical insights for maritime operators and regulators to reduce accidents during this high risk operation.

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