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<article  article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0">
            <front>
        
                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>joinmet</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Journal of Marine and Engineering Technology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2791-7134</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Sakarya University of Applied Sciences</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58771/joinmet.1689849</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group >
                                                            <subject>Marine Transportation</subject>
                                                            <subject>Ship Management</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Deniz Ulaşımı</subject>
                                                            <subject>Gemi Yönetimi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>An Analytical Study of Ship Deficiencies Identified During Port State Control: A Case Study of Kocaeli Port</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Liman Devleti Kontrolü Sırasında Belirlenen Gemi Eksiklikleri Üzerine Analitik Bir Çalışma: Kocaeli Limanı Örneği</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7049-6353</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Akbaş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Uğur</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KOCAELİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-6112</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Arıcan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ozan Hikmet</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Kocaeli Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                                    
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20250625">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>25</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>5</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>38</fpage>
                                        <lpage>49</lpage>
                                    
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250502">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>02</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20250527">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>27</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2021, Journal of Marine and Engineering Technology</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Marine and Engineering Technology</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Maritime transport remains a fundamental pillar of international trade, and ship inspections are essential to ensure navigational safety and environmental protection. Port State Control (PSC) is a regulatory mechanism used to examine foreign-flagged vessels to verify their compliance with international maritime conventions. Among the various elements assessed during PSC inspections, a ship’s type and age significantly influence the likelihood of identifying deficiencies. This study focuses on the PSC inspection data collected from the ports of Kocaeli, a major maritime hub in Türkiye. The objective is to analyze how vessel age and type correlate with the frequency and severity of recorded deficiencies. Using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical method, the research compares deficiency rates across various ship categories and age brackets. Additionally, the study examines inspection frequency regarding the risk profiles of different vessels. Findings indicate that ships aged 12 years or older exhibit a higher number of deficiencies, with general cargo vessels being particularly prone to non-compliance. While the overall effectiveness of PSC inspections is evident, the study highlights the need for improved efficiency in inspection protocols. It is suggested that risk assessment models be refined to include more detailed criteria and that inspection strategies be adapted based on vessel characteristics. Furthermore, enhancing pre-inspection preparedness by ship operators may contribute to better compliance outcomes. The study aims to support safer maritime operations by offering targeted recommendations for optimizing PSC inspections at Kocaeli Port.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr"><p>Deniz taşımacılığı, uluslararası ticaretin temel yapı taşlarından biri olmayı sürdürmekte olup, gemi denetimleri seyir güvenliği ve çevresel korumanın sağlanmasında hayati bir rol oynamaktadır. Liman Devleti Kontrolü (PSC), yabancı bayraklı gemilerin uluslararası denizcilik sözleşmelerine uygunluğunu denetlemek amacıyla uygulanan düzenleyici bir mekanizmadır. PSC denetimleri sırasında değerlendirilen çeşitli unsurlar arasında, geminin tipi ve yaşı, eksiklik tespit edilme olasılığı üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin önemli bir denizcilik merkezi olan Kocaeli limanlarından elde edilen PSC denetim verilerine odaklanmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, gemi tipi ve yaşının, kaydedilen eksikliklerin sıklığı ve ciddiyetiyle nasıl bir ilişki gösterdiğini analiz etmektir. Bu kapsamda, farklı gemi kategorileri ve yaş grupları arasında eksiklik oranlarının karşılaştırılması için Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) istatistiksel yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, gemilerin risk profillerine göre denetim sıklığı da değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, 12 yaş ve üzeri gemilerin daha fazla eksiklik barındırdığını, özellikle genel kargo gemilerinin uyumsuzluk açısından daha riskli olduğunu göstermektedir. PSC denetimlerinin genel olarak etkili olduğu görülmekle birlikte, denetim protokollerinin verimliliğinin artırılması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, risk değerlendirme modellerinin daha ayrıntılı kriterlerle yeniden yapılandırılması ve denetim stratejilerinin gemi özelliklerine göre uyarlanması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca, denetim öncesi hazırlıkların iyileştirilmesi, daha yüksek uyum düzeyine katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışma, Kocaeli Limanı&#039;ndaki PSC denetimlerinin optimize edilmesine yönelik hedef odaklı öneriler sunarak daha güvenli denizcilik faaliyetlerini desteklemeyi amaçlamaktadır.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                        
                        
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>International regulations</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> kocaeli port</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> port state control</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> variance analysis</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> ship inspection</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Uluslararası kurallar</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> Kocaeli limanı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> Liman devleti kontrolü</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> Varyans analizi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd> Gemi denetimi</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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